Nagious

技術筆記

Chia-An Lee

Last updated on Aug 12, 2021 3 min read network

介紹

Document <- 點我

Main Config : 控制Nagios Deamon的行為，這份config會被Deamon和CGIs讀
Resource File: 儲存user-defined macro，權限660
Object Definition File : 定義host, service, hostgroup, command, etc，決定要監控的項目和要如何監控
CGI Config File : 讓Nagios知道main config位置以及你怎麼設定Nagios和object define的位置

Config 內容

主要config檔在 /usr/local/nagios/etc
Nagios額外套件在 /usr/local/nagios/libexec

Debug

/etc/init.d/nagios checkconfig
journalctl -xe

安裝

連結安裝方法

快速安裝

curl https://assets.nagios.com/downloads/nagiosxi/install.sh | sh

手動安裝

參考

cd /tmp
wget http://assets.nagios.com/downloads/nagiosxi/xi-latest.tar.gz
tar xzf xi-latest.tar.gz
cd nagiosxi
./fullinstall

Web 顯示

cd /etc/httpd/conf.d/

nagios.cfg

連結 <- 點我

log_file=<file_name>
- ```
log_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/nagios.log
```
- 設定log file的位置，當config有錯誤時，會記錄在這裡，適用rotation
cfg_file=<file_name>
- cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/hosts.cfg
- object config files位置
cfg_dir=<directory_name>
- cfg_dir=/usr/local/nagios/etc/commands
- object config direction位置，其下的附檔名要是.cfg，會遞迴尋找config file
object_cache_file=<file_name>
- object_cache_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/objects.cache
- default : ‘/dev/null’
- 當Nagios被[re]start，存一份object definition到這裡。
- 在running Nagios時，可以改object definition，而不會影響 Nagios
- 這份檔案被CGIs使用
precached_object_file=<file_name>
- precached_object_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/objects.precache
- 預處理object definition，當object definition很多時，可以加速
resource_file=<file_name>
- resource_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/resource.cfg
- 放一些重要資訊，CGI不會讀這份檔案，權限設600或660
temp_file=<file_name>
- temp_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/nagios.tmp
- Nagios在更新data時，會創建他，不用的時候會刪除他
temp_path=<dir_name>
- temp_path=/tmp
- scratch space for creating temporary files used during the monitoring process
status_file=<file_name>
- status_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/status.dat
- default : ‘/dev/null’
- store the current status, comment, and downtime information
- CGIs用這份檔案透過web來顯示監控狀況，需要讀取權限
- 每次stop時，這份檔案會被刪掉
status_update_interval=< seconds >
- status_update_interval=15
- 多久更新一次status file，最短1秒
nagios_user=<username/UID>
- nagios_user=nagios
- set the effective user that the Nagios process should run as
nagios_group=<groupname/GID>
- nagios_group=nagios
- set the effective group that the Nagios process should run as
host_down_disable_service_checks=<0/1>
- host_down_disable_service_checks=1
- This option will disable all service checks if the host is not in an UP state
- New config in Version 4
enable_notifications=<0/1>
- enable_notifications=1
- Nagios will send out notifications for any host or service when it initially [re]starts
execute_service_checks=<0/1>
- execute_service_checks=1
- If this option is disabled, Nagios will not actively execute any service checks and will remain in a sort of “sleep” mode (it can still accept passive checks unless you’ve disabled them)
accept_passive_service_checks=<0/1>
- accept_passive_service_checks=1
execute_host_checks=<0/1>
- execute_host_checks=1
- Nagios will execute on-demand and regularly scheduled host checks when it initially (re)starts
- If this option is disabled, Nagios will not actively execute any host checks, although it can still accept passive host checks unless you’ve disabled them
accept_passive_host_checks=<0/1>
- accept_passive_host_checks=1
enable_event_handlers=<0/1>
- enable_event_handlers=1
log_rotation_method=<n/h/d/w/m>
- log_rotation_method=d
log_current_states=<0/1>
- log_current_states=1
- Nagios will log host and service current states at the beginning of a newly created log file after log rotation occurs
log_archive_path=< path >
- log_archive_path=/usr/local/nagios/var/archives/
- This is the directory where Nagios should place log files that have been rotated.
External Command Check Option
- Nagios will check the command file for commands that should be executed
- This option must be enabled if you plan on using the command CGI to issue commands via the web interface
command_file=<file_name>
- command_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/rw/nagios.cmd
- The command CGI writes commands to this file. The external command file is implemented as a named pipe
check_for_updates=<0/1>
- check_for_updates=1
- 自動檢查Nagios有沒有new patch
bare_update_check=<0/1>
- bare_update_check=0

Object definition

中文版 Document

define host {
    host_name                       這個host的名字，其他define會用到
    alias                           類似註解
    address                         IP或FQDN
    parents                         設定為最接近的上游設備(好像沒有用到)
    check_command                   檢查這個主機是否正常，若無此項Nagios會認為他是alive的
    check_interval                  check_command的正常測試間隔，其中的單位定義在Nagios設定的interval_length
    retry_interval                  check_command的soft status時的重試間隔，達到max_check_attempts就會變為hard status
    max_check_attempts              check_command的檢查重試次數
    check_period                    執行active check的時段
    process_perf_data               是否會處理performance data
    retain_status_information       是否讀取重開機之前的狀態檔，前提是全域設定的retain_state_information必須設為1
    retain_nonstatus_information    是否不讀取主機狀態檔
    contact_groups                  要告警的人員群組，可用 “,” 分隔多個群組
    notification_interval           當狀態持續發生時，兩個告警之間的時間。單位是interval_length
    notification_period             會發送告警的時間
    notification_options            哪幾種狀態才告警，DOWN = d，UNREACHABLE=u，回復到OK的狀態=r，flapping=f，排程關閉狀態=s，都不發送=n
}

安裝

需要工具

yum install unzip wget httpd php php-cli gd gd-devel gcc glibc glibc-common net-snmp

下載主程式

cd /usr/local/src
wget http://liquidtelecom.dl.sourceforge.net/project/nagios/nagios-4.x/nagios-4.3.2/nagios-4.3.2.tar.gz
cd nagios-4.3.2
sudo ./configure --with-command-group=nagioscmd
make all
make install
make install-init
make install-config
make install-commandmode
make install-webconf

下載插件 (/usr/local/nagios/libexec)

cd /usr/local/src
wget http://nagios-plugins.org/download/nagios-plugins-2.2.1.tar.gz
tar xzf nagios-plugins-2.2.1.tar.gz
cd nagios-plugins-2.2.1
./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagioscmd
make
make install

Web監控的帳號密碼

注意 : 帳號名稱之間不能有空白

htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users {帳號名稱}
authorized_for_system_information=...,帳號名稱
authorized_for_configuration_information=...,帳號名稱
authorized_for_system_commands=...,帳號名稱
authorized_for_all_hosts=...,帳號名稱
authorized_for_all_service_commands=...,帳號名稱
authorized_for_all_host_commands=...,帳號名稱

設定

nagios.cfg

中文來源

# 設定Log存放位置
log_file=/var/spool/nagios/nagios.log
# 設定指令參數
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
# 設定聯絡人資訊
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contactgroup.cfg
# 設定CSCC相關聯絡人/群組資訊
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/cs.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/csgroup.cfg
# 設定監控服務設定檔
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/service.cfg
# 將object cache住，避免start/restart時有inconsistencies
object_cache_file=/var/spool/nagios/objects.cache
# 下特殊參數，加速用
precached_object_file=/var/spool/nagios/objects.precache
# 相關resource位置, ex:Nagios額外套件
resource_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/resource.cfg
# 儲存Nagios偵測結果檔案位置
status_file=/var/spool/nagios/status.dat
# 設定Nagios偵測結果狀態更新的時間區隔
status_update_interval=10
# 設定使用者/群組
nagios_user=nagios
nagios_group=nagios
# Nagios外部檢查命令功能開關，否則CGI不能用
check_external_commands=1
# 檢查時間間隔，預設15s，-1為盡可能的檢查
command_check_interval=-1
command_file=/var/spool/nagios/rw/nagios.cmd
external_command_buffer_slots=4096
# PID資訊
lock_file=/var/spool/nagios/nagios.lock
# Nagios執行時，暫存檔位置
temp_file=/var/spool/nagios/nagios.tmp 
# Nagios執行時，暫存目錄位置
temp_path=/tmp
#
event_broker_options=-1
log_rotation_method=d
log_archive_path=/var/spool/nagios/archives
# 使用syslog，開啟通知
use_syslog=1
log_notifications=1
# 1 : 紀錄, 0 : 不紀錄
log_service_retries=1
log_host_retries=1
log_event_handlers=1
log_initial_states=0
log_external_commands=1
log_passive_checks=1
#
service_inter_check_delay_method=s
max_service_check_spread=30
service_interleave_factor=s
host_inter_check_delay_method=s
max_host_check_spread=30
max_concurrent_checks=0 #決定同時間執行多少個check processes
check_result_reaper_frequency=10
max_check_result_reaper_time=30
check_result_path=/var/spool/nagios/checkresults
max_check_result_file_age=3600
cached_host_check_horizon=15
cached_service_check_horizon=15
enable_predictive_host_dependency_checks=1
enable_predictive_service_dependency_checks=1
soft_state_dependencies=0
auto_reschedule_checks=0
auto_rescheduling_interval=30
auto_rescheduling_window=180
...... 之後補上

monitor nagious note

Nagious

介紹

Config 內容

Debug

安裝

Web 顯示

nagios.cfg

Object definition

安裝

需要工具

下載主程式

下載插件 (/usr/local/nagios/libexec)

Web監控的帳號密碼

設定

nagios.cfg

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